Edmund victory



l tional UNITED sTATEs PATENT oEEicE.

EDMUND VICTORY, OF WATERTOVN, NEW YORK.

MACHINERY SPINNING YARNS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 28,220, dated May 8, 1860.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, EDMUND VICTORY, of l/Vatertown, in the county ofJefferson, State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Machinery for Spinning I'Vool, Cotton, Flax, or otherFibrous Material; and I do hereby declare that the following is a fulland clear description thereof, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, which form part of this specification.

My improvements relate to that intermediate or preparatory portion ofmachinery used in spinning which has for its object the production ofthe roving. Such machinery has been variously constructed; it has beendevised first to draw out the sliver or slivers by one set of feedrollers working in connection with a drawing frame and afterward to givea slight twist by addimeehanical means to the several slivers as theycome from the draw head or frame. And it has been contrived to subjectthe slivers simultaneously both to a drawing and twisting action bymeans of a draw head provided with rollers that not only revolve ontheir own axes to effect the draw, but also to have a general rotarymotion in common with the head to produce the twist.

My present improvements relate to the latter method, and one partconsists in certain peculiarities in the construction, arrangement andoperation of a draw head of the description last mentioned, while theother portion of said improvements consists in a novel mode ofregulating the draw by an adjustable provision of the feed with thedrawing rollers, or vice versa, so as to vary the relative distancebetween them as and for purposes hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side view ofmachinery having my improvements applied to it; Fig. 2, a plan thereof;Fig. 3, an end elevation of the same and Figs. 4, 5, 6, and 7, views ofthe draw head (detached) and portions thereof, in illustration ofcertain parts or features of my improvements.

In these drawings, the portion marked (A) represents a drawing frame orhead of theA character I have before referred to.

The wool or other fibrous material is first passed through ordinary orany other suitable feed rollers (a, a) the lower one (a) 0f which may beof fluted construction and made to receive a positive motion by suitablegearing, while the upper one (a) of these rollers maybe covered withleather and hung to freely rotate and be held down to exert a necessarypressure by springs (b o). This is an ordinary construction of the feedrollers that are used to convey or guide the slivers to the draw headand to support them when in continuity and being reve for which purposethe line of junction of said rollers is usually in a horizontal planecoinciding with or crossin at a suitable distance from it, the tube (0Iof the draw head.

A general rotary motion is communicated to the draw head (A) by means ofa cord or band from a drum below and passin around a pully (d) affixedto the draw hea or it may be driven in any other suitable way. Thisgives to the drawing rollers (e e) a general rot-ary motion in commonwith the head, they being carried by the latter. In addition to this,said rollers which are or may be situated as in other draw heads and beof any well known or suitable construction, have an independent mot-ionas previously alluded to, but they are here driven in a novel manner andthe draw head itself is made to partake of certain peculiarities inconstruction. Thus, the draw rollers or the one (e) of them, which isdriven, and which may as usual be flu'ted while the other roller (e) maybe covered with leather and hung to freely rotate under pressure of aspring (f) is not dependentfor its individual rotation upon distinctdriving mechanism, but is made of necessity to separately rotate inproper relationship to the general motion of the head by causing it toderive its independent rotation as well as its general movement with thehead from and by the motion of the latter. This is here effected bymeans of a stationary circular rack (g) around and meshing with which apinion (71,) is made to travel by the general movement of the draw head,said pinion being made fast to a shaft in the rotating draw head, whichshaft carries at its one end a screw that gears with and drives a pinion(j) on the one draw roller (e).

The circular stationary rack I prefer to constructas follows: I make itin two parts or halves, as clearly shown in Fig. 7, and attach the oneof those ports to or cast it with the cap (B) of one of the standards(B) which carries the tubular shaft of.

the draw head, and attach the other part of said rack to said standarditself, so that by simply turning the head to bring the pinion (7L) to adownward position or out of the way of the standard cap (B) anddetaching the caps (B1 B2) fromltheir standards (B, B), the draw headmay be lifted out when required for the repairing or cleaning of it orclearing of the eye or tubular shaft (c) thereof of brous material whichmay be lodged therein.

The rotation on their aXes of the drawing rollers (e e) should of coursebe faster than that of the feed rollers (a a() to produce the necessarydraw on the slivers, as they pass from the last to the former namedrollers and are twisted as well as drawn by the head rollers by thealready specified general and independent motions of the head rollersand delivered as roving in the fro-nt of them after passage through theeye or tubular shaft (c) of the head. I prefer that said feed anddrawing rollers should have a fixed or set speed relatively to eachother. The distance between these two sets of rollers however I makevariable to facilitate the spinning of fine or coarse wool or whateverthe staple may be and to meet other requ1re ments or peculiarities.Thus, by giving Van increased distance between the feed rollers (a, a)and draw rollers (e e) more draft will be produced and the roving madethinner or reduced accordingly, while when coarse roving is required,the distance between the feed and draw rollers should be lessened. Thiswill be clear when it is considered that the feed being the same in eachcase and supposing the draw head and its rollers to have a fixed speed,then must more twist per foot of necessity be given to the sliversbetween the feed and draw rollers in proportion as said rollers are setnearer to each other and consequently a more compact and stronger rovingbe produced.

Of course, if desired, provision for varying the speed of any one ormore of these several parts, may be made as well. In connection withthis portion of my improvement, there are other importantconsiderations, for instance, working wool, it must be remembered thatthe nature of the staple varies both in length and coarseness orstrength of fiber. Generally the coarser the wool the longer the stapleand the liner the wool, the shorter the staple. It should also beremembered that the draw rollers in all cases travel faster on their ownaxes than the feed rollers in order to produce the draft, consequentlyif the fiber of the substance to be woven be long enough to reach and beheld by, simultaneously, both the feed and draw rollers, a strain willbe thrown upon it to cause 1t to break and occasion-frequent or aconstant recurrence of breakages and necessitate continual stoppages ofthe machinery. This however may be avoided by increasing the distancebetween the feed and draw rollers so as to make it impossible for bothsets of rollers to have hold at the same time on the fiber and so asonly to grip on a continuity of fibers. It is important too, to preventstoppages of the machinery and breaking of the liber, that thisadjustment of the distance between the feed and draw rollers should becapable of being made while and during the roving is proceeding. Toeffect this, the feed rollers (a a) may be seated on an independentslide (C) provided with a rack (D) that may project through a slot, madelonger than the rack, in the general table or standard Then by turning ahandle (F) on the outside, to the right or to the left, may the Vfeedrollers be made to approach or increase their distance from the drawrollers, by means of the shaft on which the handle (F) is fast carryinga pinion (G) that meshes into the rack of the slide (C). A convenientdriving arrangement to the feed rollers, to meet this adjustment, is tocommunicate power through suitable gearing to a vertical shaft which inits turn may be made to drive by bevel gearing (I, J), a toothedcylinder (K) of suliicient length to rovide for the extremes ofadjustment o the feed to the draw rollers and which cylinder has meshinginto it a pinion (L) carrying on its shaft another pinion M) which gearswith a wheel (N) that has on its shaft a bevel pinion (P) meshing into abevel wheel (Q) on the shaft of the one feed roller (a).

The drawhead it will be seen is constructed with a shield attached toits face toward the front of the spinning frame. This shield is ofpeculiar construction to operate as hereinafter described. It iscircular in form, of a diameter suliiciently large, entirely to coverand protect the drawrollers and sunk or slightly funnel shaped towardthe center where a hole or opening is cut which is so shaped as to fitas closely as possible to the periphery of the drawroller withouthoweverproducing friction therewith. In Figs. 4, 5, and 6, the disk or shieldis represented in front and sideelevations and vertical section throughFig. 4 and is marked d. It is there shown attached to the drawhead andrevolving with it during the operation of the same.

In order that the operation of the drawhead in connection with theshield may be fully understood I would observe that the sliver afterbeing delivered by the drawhead is received by a bobbin set on arevolving spindle `to which as great a speed is given as the resistanceof the material will allow of. The strain on the twisted and drawnsliver being constant, whereas the sliver is not always of perfectlyequal force; it follows that it sometimes happens that the sliver breaksbetween its point of delivery by the drawhead and the spindle. When thistakes place it is necessary in drawheads of ordinary construction tostop the running of both the spindle and drawhead to unite the ends ofthe broken sliver and particularly to prevent the upper end (in thedrawhead) from entangling the rollers and gear which is only remedied by a careful and tedious operation. By this my improvement I avoid theseobjections, as I am enabled, in case of the sliver breaking to piece 7the sliver without stopping the running of the drawhead. The disk orshield in front of the drawhead by its peculiar construction andoperation prevents the sliver from being thrown around the rollers or'entering the mechanism driving them. I generally use several drawheadson one spinning frame and I arrange them in a row so that all theshields are set in one and the same vertical plane.

F or the further protection of the drawhead and other mechanism in frontof the frame, I provide the several heads with a plate or fender commonto all, covering the spaces in front between them. This plate hascircular holes cut out into which snugly fit the shields above describedrevolving with the drawheads, and is preferably extended at the top, toform at right angle with the front, .a horizontal shield or fender so asto protect the heads from the sliver entering on the top or from beingthrown from one head to another adjacent thereto.

Having thus described my improvements, what I claim, is

1. The mechanism herein described or its substantial equivalent, forregulating the draft and of adjusting the hold of the draw and feedrollers on the liber, for the purposes herein set forth, whereby thedistance between the draw and feed rollers, is rendered adjustable andcontrollable, whether while the machine is in motion or not, and withoutdiscontinuing the roving, substantially as specified.

2. The general construction and arrangement of parts of a drawhead, ascombined with its diseoidal shield substantially in the manner and forthe purposes set forth.

3. Constructing the circular stationary rack in two parts and attachingthe one of said parts to the cap of the draw head standard, tofacilitate removal of the draw head, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I- have signed my name to this specification beforetwo subscribing witnesses.

EDMUND VICTORY.

Titnesses JN0. M. SIGOURNEY, GEO. W. VVIGGINS.

